Inhaltsverzeichnis
Die am besten bewerteten Artikel in dieser Liste, gewählt von talkKs Lesern
- König Charles und seine Frau : 2 votes
- Der König von Spanien : 1 vote
Das Königshaus wird seit langem mit Macht, Reichtum und Prestige in Verbindung gebracht. Im Laufe der Geschichte haben königliche Familien miteinander geheiratet, um Allianzen zu stärken, Blutlinien zu bewahren und ihre Herrschaft zu festigen. Diese Praxis der blutsverwandten Ehen hat jedoch auch zu einer weniger bekannten Konsequenz geführt: einem erhöhten Maß an Inzucht innerhalb der königlichen Abstammungslinien. Inzucht, also die Paarung zwischen nahen Verwandten, kann zu einem höheren Risiko für genetische Störungen und gesundheitliche Komplikationen führen.
Eine historische Perspektive königlicher Ehen
Wenn man auf die Geschichte zurückblickt, waren königliche Mischehen eine gängige Praxis, die von dem Wunsch angetrieben wurde, Macht und Reichtum innerhalb einer ausgewählten Gruppe zu erhalten. Könige und Königinnen heirateten oft in andere mächtige Familien ein, um ihre politischen Positionen zu stärken oder ihren sozialen Status zu wahren. Dies führte oft zu Ehen zwischen nahen Verwandten, wie Cousins oder sogar Onkeln und Nichten.
European royal families, in particular, were known for engaging in these practices. The Habsburger, a powerful dynasty that ruled over various countries, including Spain, took intermarriage to an extreme. Their goal of keeping power within their own bloodline eventually led to fertility issues and the eventual disappearance of the Spanish branch of the family.
Der Habsburger Kiefer, auch Unterkieferprognathie genannt, ist eine körperliche Erkrankung, die durch einen erweiterten Unterkiefer gekennzeichnet ist, ein Ergebnis der bei den Habsburgern üblichen Praxis der Mischehen. Diese genetische Störung, die über Generationen weitergegeben wurde, wurde zu einem Unterscheidungsmerkmal der Habsburger und ist ein klassisches Beispiel für die möglichen Folgen von Inzucht.
Similarly, the British Royal Family also had its share of cousin marriages throughout history. Queen Victoria, for example, married her first cousin, Prince Albert, and King George V married his cousin, Princess Mary of Teck. These unions were seen as a way to maintain bloodline purity and strengthen family ties.
Extreme Inzucht in der britischen Bevölkerung
Eine aktuelle Studie highlighting the prevalence of extreme inbreeding in the UK population adds another layer of understanding to the historical phenomenon of inbreeding among royal families and early European society at large. The study’s findings of thousands of individuals in the UK being the result of extreme inbreeding between close relatives echo the patterns observed within royal lineages. This has led some individuals to form derogatory stereotypes such as “Britain is a nation full of inbreds”. Please note that this harmful overgeneralization lacks substantial factual backing.
This research analyzed DNA samples stored in the UK Biobank and found evidence that a fraction of the participants had been conceived by parents who were either first or second-degree relatives. First-degree relatives share 50% of an individual’s genes, such as parents or children, while second-degree relatives share 25% of the same DNA, including uncles, grandparents, and half-siblings. Extrapolating these findings to the wider population in England and Wales suggests an estimate of 13,200 individuals born as a result of inbreeding, although the researchers cautioned that the actual figure could be even higher.
Subsequently, the researchers analyzed the medical records of those individuals and drew comparisons with the broader population. Their findings indicate that these individuals faced a slightly elevated risk of experiencing various health effects. On average, they exhibited a slight decrease in height, lower cognitive abilities, and reduced fertility. Additionally, they had a higher likelihood of encountering lung function issues and contracting diseases compared to the average person.
Modern times have witnessed a shift away from such marriages and an increased focus on understanding and mitigating genetic risks. As society continues to evolve and genetic research advances, it is crucial that we remain cognizant of our history while striving for healthier futures for all families – royal or otherwise.
Genetische Folgen von Inzucht
Wenn nahe Verwandte gemeinsame Kinder haben, besteht ein erhöhtes Risiko, dass ihre Nachkommen zwei Kopien eines rezessiven Gens erben, das mit gesundheitlichen Problemen oder genetischen Störungen in Verbindung gebracht wird. Dies geschieht, wenn beide Elternteile ein mutiertes Gen tragen, und da sie eng miteinander verwandt sind, besteht eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass sie gemeinsame Vorfahren haben, die diese Gene ebenfalls trugen.
Consanguineous marriages, where the spouses are closely related, have been linked to several well-known genetic disorders. Some examples include hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, and Tay-Sachs disease. Hemophilia, a rare genetic condition that affects the blood’s ability to clot properly, in particular, was quite common among European royalty and earned the nickname “the Royal Disease”. Queen Victoria, a carrier of the hemophilia gene, passed it on to several of her descendants, resulting in them suffering from the disorder. Her son Prince Leopold and her grandson Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert (later known as Kaiser Wilhelm II), were among those affected. The prevalence of hemophilia among European royalty can be attributed to these marriages within the family. Even the recently deceased Queen Elizabeth II suffered from this disease.
Sonstige Gesundheitsrisiken
Neben genetischen Störungen kann Inzucht auch zu niedrigeren Fruchtbarkeitsraten führen. Die erhöhte Wahrscheinlichkeit von angeborenen Anomalien oder genetischen Defekten bei Inzuchtindividuen kann sich negativ auf ihre Fortpflanzungsfähigkeit auswirken.
Furthermore, inbred offspring may have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections and diseases. Their compromised immune systems are a result of inheriting multiple harmful genes from closely related parents.
In extremen Fällen von Inzucht kann es sogar zu körperlichen Missbildungen kommen. Zum Beispiel wies Karl II. von Spanien, eine historische Figur, einen ausgeprägten Habsburger Kiefer auf, bei dem es sich um einen hervorstehenden Unterkiefer handelt. Diese körperliche Missbildung war das Ergebnis von Generationen königlicher Mischehen innerhalb seiner Familie.
However, modern awareness of the potential risks of inbreeding has led to a decline in consanguineous relationships among royalty. The British Royal Family, for instance, is now more diverse than its predecessors. Members of the royal family marry partners from various backgrounds without any family connections, reducing the likelihood of inbreeding.
Moreover, advances in genetic screening and counseling have provided couples who are related with the knowledge to make informed decisions about having children. This has significantly decreased the prevalence of inherited disorders caused by consanguinity, as couples can now understand and manage the potential risks associated with their genetic background.
In diesem Artikel tauchen wir in die faszinierende Welt des Königshauses ein und erkunden die am meisten inzüchteten Royals im Laufe der Geschichte. Von europäischen Monarchien bis hin zu pazifischen Inselreichen tragen diese Individuen die Last einer Abstammungslinie, die durch enge Blutsverwandtschaft gekennzeichnet ist.
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1König Charles und seine Frau
Prinz Charles und Camilla sind wahrscheinlich Cousins zweiten Grades. Camillas Urgroßmutter, Alice Keppel, war die Mätresse von Edward VII. von England, und gemeinsam zeugten sie eine Tochter, Sonia. Camilla, die derzeitige Ehefrau von Prinz Charles, ist die Enkelin von Sonia. Charles und Camilla sind Cousins zweiten Grades, nachdem sie entfernt wurden, also das Produkt einer Cousinenehe zweiten Grades.
Hinterlasse eine Antwort -
2Der König von Spanien
Die spanische Königsfamilie ist ein gutes Beispiel für Inzucht. Die Eltern des aktuellen Königs, Juan Carlos und Sophia von Griechenland, haben beide Probleme mit Inzucht. Auf der Seite von Juan Carlos sehen wir die Überreste der Hämophilie, die aufgrund der von Königin Victoria aufgezeichneten Mischehen weitergegeben wurden. Juan Carlos' Onkel, Alfonso und Gonzalo, starben beide an einem Mangel an Blutgerinnung, von dem angenommen wird, dass er durch ihre leichte Inzucht verursacht wurde.
Die Mutter des Königs, Sophia, hat wohl einen der schlimmsten Fälle von moderner Inzucht. Zwei ihrer Urgroßeltern waren Bruder und Schwester, und was noch schlimmer ist, ist die Tatsache, dass ihre Urgroßeltern auch ihre Ururgroßeltern sind, weil das deutsche Königshaus gemischt geheiratet hat.
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3Prinz Philip
Prinz Philip, der Ehemann der verstorbenen Königin Elizabeth, ist ebenfalls ein Produkt königlicher Inzucht. Prinz Philip ist, wie die Queen, das unglückliche Produkt von Mischehen, die im 19. Jahrhundert die Ehen des europäischen Königshauses prägten.
Um in die Einzelheiten einzutauchen: Die Urgroßeltern mütterlicherseits von Prinz Philip waren Königin Victoria des Vereinigten Königreichs und Prinz Albert von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha. Sie waren Cousins ersten Grades und hatten die gleichen Großeltern. Diese enge familiäre Beziehung unterstreicht die Praxis der Mischehen im viktorianischen Zeitalter und ihre Auswirkungen auf die nachfolgenden Generationen.
Additionally, both of Prince Philip's great-grandfathers played roles in perpetuating the pattern of inbreeding. His maternal great-grandfather, King Christian IX of Denmark, was a prominent figure in European royal circles. King Christian's daughter, Princess Alexandra of Denmark, married Queen Victoria's son, Edward VII, further consolidating the interconnections between royal families.
Prince Philip's other great-grandfather was Grand Duke Louis IV of Hesse and by Rhine. He married Queen Victoria's second daughter, Princess Alice, making them Prince Philip's maternal great-grandparents. What makes this connection particularly notable is that Grand Duke Louis IV was the uncle of Prince Philip's paternal great-grandfather, Grand Duke Ludwig III of Hesse and by Rhine. The marriage of Prince Philip's great-grandparents, Princess Alice and Grand Duke Louis IV, effectively made their children both first cousins and second cousins.
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4König und Königin von Griechenland
Der König und die Königin von Griechenland, Konstantin II. und Anne-Marie von Dänemark, sind ebenso wie Königin Elizabeth II. und Prinz Philip Cousins und Cousinen. Sie sind beide Nachkommen von Königin Victoria und König Christian, dem 9. von Dänemark. Im Gegensatz zur Königin und dem Prinzen von England sind der König und die Königin von Griechenland jedoch dreifach verwandt. Sie haben genau den gleichen Blutsverwandtschaftskoeffizienten, was bedeutet, dass sie genau die gleiche Menge an Inzucht haben.
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5Kaiserin Napoleon
Empress Napoleon, also known as Mary Louise of Austria, was part of an incredibly inbred family. When Napoleon struggled to provide an heir with his first wife, Josephine, he forced Josephine's daughter to marry his brother. This meant that his stepson was also his brother. However, the most inbred member of the Napoleonic family was Napoleon's second wife, Empress Napoleon. Born as Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Franziska Therese Josepha Lucia, Mary Louise hailed from the House of Habsburg, a family known for its extensive history of intermarriage and consanguinity. In the case of Mary Louise, her parents were double first cousins, intensifying the level of shared ancestry within her immediate family.
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6 Alfonso, the Prince of Spain
Alfonso, the Prince of Spain, was the heir to the Spanish throne in the 1920s, during a highly unstable time in Spanish politics. Like Edward VIII of England, Alfonso renounced his rights to the Spanish throne to marry a commoner. Unfortunately, he passed away in 1938 due to a car accident. His hemophilia, a condition that prevents blood clotting, caused him to bleed to death. Inbreeding within the Spanish royal family played a role in the occurrence of recessive genes inherited by Alfonso. As the great-grandchild of Queen Victoria, who carried hemophilia in her family, Alfonso faced increased risk. The Spanish royal family has a history of marrying close relatives, as mentioned before. Ultimately, Alfonso suffered due to the inbreeding of his ancestors and Queen Victoria's ambition to solidify her reputation as the grandmother of Europe.
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7Erzherzogin Gizella von Österreich
Archduchess Gizella of Austria, daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph and Empress Elizabeth, is a lesser-known figure in history. She was the neglected daughter of her parents, who were first cousins. The intense strain caused by their inbreeding affected their children's health. For example, their eldest daughter Sophie died in infancy, likely due to the effects of inbreeding. Another child, Rudolf, suffered from genetic abnormalities and chronic depression, eventually taking his own life. Recent studies have shown a common occurrence of depression within the Habsburg dynasty, suggesting a genetic link. Gizella herself became a figurehead for the consequences of Habsburg inbreeding. She was forced to marry her own cousin at the request of her mother, resulting in physical and emotional suffering for her children. Among her four children, all of them shared eight great-grandparents, who, unfortunately, were not genetically diverse. This situation further compounded the issues caused by inbreeding. -
8 Ludwig, the Mad King of Bavaria
Ludwig II, the Mad King of Bavaria, was a beloved cousin of Empress Elizabeth of Austria. He had a strong appreciation for the arts and commissioned the magnificent Neuschwanstein Castle in the 1800s. However, Ludwig suffered from intense feelings of depression, and his inbreeding is believed to be a significant contributing factor to his mental health struggles. Despite his artistic achievements, Ludwig was eventually dethroned, with his counselors claiming he was insane. Modern studies suggest that Ludwig's depression stemmed from intense guilt over his homosexuality. Nevertheless, inbreeding likely played a role in the intensity of his depression. Interestingly, Ludwig's successor was even more mentally unstable than he was.
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9Königin Liliuokalani von Hawaii
Königin Liliuokalani von Hawaii, die letzte regierende Monarchin von Hawaii, hatte ebenfalls ein hohes Maß an Inzucht in ihrer Abstammung. Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass es ein unglückliches Klischee gibt, dass Hawaii eine grassierende Inzucht hat, was in der Neuzeit nicht unbedingt zutraf. Liliuokalanis Familie hatte jedoch enge Blutsverwandte. Ihr Großvater, der Hohe Häuptling Kamehameha, war zweimal ihr Urgroßvater, weil ihre beiden Großväter Brüder waren.
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10König Harald V. von Norwegen
King Harald V of Norway holds the distinction of being one of the most inbred royals currently alive. His parents were first cousins, which significantly limited the number of unique great-grandparents he had. While most people have eight unique great-grandparents, Harald only has six. His grandmother and grandfather were not only siblings but also first cousins to each other. Further back in his ancestry, his great-grandmother, who appears twice, was the niece of his great-grandfather. This extensive inbreeding within Harald's lineage makes him the most inbred royal of the present time.
