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谁不想睡得晚点，享受一天的假期或学校呢？公共假期是让您有这种自由的日子。这是休息和庆祝的日子，大多数人不需要工作。一般来说，公共假期是由法律规定的。
Most public holidays are days of celebration or commemoration – a religious festival like Christmas or Diwali or the anniversary of a historically important event like the gaining of independence. Public holidays may vary from country to country. For example, most European countries only have Christian holidays, while more multicultural countries like India and Malaysia celebrate festivals from many religions, which results in these countries having more public holidays. Some popular holidays like New Year and Christmas are public holidays or national holidays in many countries, while some holidays are unique to a country’s history or culture. Most countries in the world also celebrate National Day or Independence Day. For example, Americans celebrate the 4th of July or their Independence Day, while Australians celebrate Australia Day.
Holidays can fall on a specific day of the year (for example, December 25), on a moveable day or a particular day of the week in a particular month, or even follow another calendar system like the Lunar Calendar (for example, the first Sunday after the full moon on the spring equinox). This means some holidays don’t fall on the same date every year. They are determined by various bodies before the start of the year and the printing of calendars.
有些假期不是一天的假期。例如，传统的新年假期可能涉及多个公共假期来庆祝同一场合。在农历新年期间，员工在中国有三个法定假期;同样，斯里兰卡人在 4 月连续有两个公共假期来庆祝他们的传统新年。在一些佛教国家，卫塞节庆祝活动（纪念佛陀诞生）也涉及两个假期。
Holidays do give you a chance to get away from the stress of regular life, spend quality time with your family and friends, and boost your mental health. However, too many holidays can also have a negative impact on the country’s economy. An excessive number of holidays adversely affect the country’s productivity. Large transactions in a country, especially those related to the banking and financial system, can be held up for days when there are many holidays. Therefore, the government of a country needs to set up a reasonable number of holidays and take necessary steps to avoid any inconvenience caused by them.
Some countries have national laws making all public holidays paid holidays, but not all countries have this law. In such countries, whether employees get paid leave or not might depend entirely on the employers’ decision. In some countries, there are different types of holidays, known as bank holidays and mercantile holidays. Bank and mercantile holidays are holidays when banks, businesses, and other commercial establishments are closed for the day. In some countries, not all public holidays are bank or mercantile holidays. This means some employees have to work during public holidays.
每年的公共假期数量可能因国家/地区而异。在某些国家/地区，此数字也可能因地区而异。但所有国家每年都至少有 5 或 6 个公共假期。您知道哪些国家的假期最少，哪些国家的假期最多吗？嗯，公共假期最少的国家包括墨西哥、瑞士、英国、美国和加拿大。
本文介绍了公共假期最多的国家/地区（按降序排列）。缅甸以 32 个公共假期位居榜首，紧随其后的是尼泊尔，有 30 个假期。阅读更多内容，了解此名单上还有哪些其他国家/地区。
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1缅甸 ： 32 个公共假日
Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, is a Buddhist country in Southeast Asia, but it celebrates festivals from different cultures and religions. The total number of public holidays in Myanmar is 32, making it the country with the most public holidays. Did you know that some holidays in Myanmar last more than 5 days? Myanmar New Year Holidays that fall in April is an 8-day holiday, while Thadingyut Holidays, which marks the end of Buddhist Lent, is a 5-day holiday. In addition to these Buddhist holidays, Myanmar also celebrates Islamic holidays like Eid-ul-Adha, Christian holidays like Christmas, and Hindu holidays like Diwali. The main national holidays in Myanmar are Independence Day on January 4 and Resistance Day on March 27. All in all, Myanmar has 32 public holidays per year, which makes it the country with the greatest number of public holidays in the world.
"Myanmar Buddhist Temple" (CC0) via Hippox
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2尼泊尔 ： 30 个公共假期
Nepal is a South Asian country with a variety of religious and non-religious holidays due to its diverse culture. Maha Shivaratri, Prithvi Jayanti, Majdur Diwas, Bakr-Id, and Buddha Jayanti are some examples. Some holidays can be state-specific or gender-specific. For example, religious holidays like Gai Jatra and Indra Jatra are only celebrated in Kathmandu valley, while Nari Diwas is a non-religious holiday to celebrate women. Meanwhile, the longest holiday in Nepal is Vijaya Dasham, which lasts for more than five days.
尼泊尔每周有六个工作日，周六被视为假期。所有员工每年都有权享受 13 天带薪假期。
"Nepal" (CC0) via Pxhere
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3伊朗 ： 26 个公共假日
伊朗是一个中东国家，公共假日制度复杂。由于它是一个伊斯兰国家，它的大部分公共假期都基于伊斯兰日历的重要事件。重要的是要知道这个国家同时使用阴历和阳历回历，而且只有少数固定的公共假期。每年都会在日历上添加许多非官方假期，这使得假期的数量超过 26 个。
"Iran mosque" (CC0) via Pxhere
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4斯里兰卡 ： 25 个公共假期
Sri Lanka, a small island just below India, that has 25 public holidays. This high number of holidays is due to its multi-ethnic population. The main religious group in Sri Lanka are Buddhists, and it's known as one of the very few Buddhist countries in the world. Keeping in with the Buddhist tradition, every full moon day is known as a poya day and has a specific significance in the Buddhist history. Each full moon day in Sri Lanka is a public holiday. In addition, it also celebrates main Hindu, Muslim, and Christian holidays, letting the people enjoy 25 public holidays per year. The only non-religious public holidays are Labor Day on May 1 and Sri Lankan Independence Day on February 4. But note that not all these holidays are bank holidays or mercantile holidays.
“Sri Lanka” (CC0) via Pixabay
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5马来西亚 ： 23 至 25 个公共假期
Malaysia is one of the most developed countries in the world, as well as a multi-ethnic and multi-religious country. The public holidays in Malaysia are a mix of secular holidays celebrating the nation and its history, including traditional holidays of the various ethnic groups that make up the country. Chinese New Year, Vesak, Christmas Day, Ramadan, and Deepavali are a few holidays related to these various nationalities. The most widespread secular holiday is the "Hari Kebangsaan," the National Day.
"Malaysia" (CC0) via Pixabay
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6孟加拉国 ： 22 个公共假期
Bangladesh is one of the highest densely populated countries in the world, with a population of more than 165 million people in an area of 148,460 km2. Like its neighbor India, Bangladesh also celebrates several religious festivals. They celebrate four main Islamic holidays, two Hindu holidays, and one Buddhist and one Christian holiday. Some of the main national holidays include National Mourning Day on August 15 and Language Martyr's Day on February 21. The country has 22 public holidays in total.
"Bangladesh" (CC0) via Pxhere
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7埃及 ： 22 个公共假期
Egypt is another country with 22 public holidays. However, granting public holidays is quite complex in Egypt. Holidays are a mix of non-secular days and religious days. It's an Islamic country, and the holidays are determined according to the Gregorian calendar as well as the Islamic lunar calendar. Therefore, some holidays are fixed, while the holidays that are determined by the lunar calendar are movable (they can fall on different dates in different years). There are four main Islamic holidays (Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Fitr, Islamic New Year, and Birthday of the Prophet Muhammad) and two Christian holidays.
埃及国庆日是 7 月 23 日。一年一度的 1952 年埃及革命庆祝活动也落在这一天，该革命宣布了现代埃及共和国。埃及日历在 1 月 25 日也新增了一个公共假期，以纪念 2011 年的公众起义。
"Egypt Pyramid" (CC0) via Pixabay
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8菲律宾 ： 22 个公共假期
菲律宾共和国是一个群岛国家，每年有 20 多个公共假期。其中一些假期包括 Bonifacio Day、Eid'l Fitr 和 Rizal Day。菲律宾独立日是 6 月 12 日。
The Philippines mainly has two types of holidays as specified by the Labor Code of the Philippines: "regular holidays" and "special non-working days." There is a difference in the salary received by employees on these two types of holidays. On regular holidays, employees are entitled to 100% of their daily wage even if they don't work. But on special non-working days, employees do not get any pay if they don't work. In addition, if an employee works on a special non-working day, he or she is entitled to an additional payment of 30% of his/her daily wage.
"Philippines" (CC0) via Pixabay
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9柬埔寨 ： 21 个公共假期
Cambodia is a Buddhist country. Cambodia has many public holidays, including both memorial holidays and religious holidays of Buddhist origin. Some of the memorial holidays include National Day of Remembrance on May 20, Constitution Day on September 24, Queen Mother's Birthday on June 18, and Independence Day on November 9. The Cambodian New Year, which falls on April 13 – 15, is considered to be the most important calendar and involves three days of celebration. The most significant Buddhist festivals are Visakh Bochea (falling in April or May) and Pchum Ben (falling in September or October). The traditional calendar is based on the movement of the moon, but calendar dates are synchronized with the solar year.
"Angkor Wat Cambodia" (CC0) via Pixabay
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10印度 ： 21 个公共假期
India, the country with the second-highest population in the world, is a highly diverse land. Indians celebrate a variety of cultural and religious holidays, which are legislated at state or union levels. Indian states and territories have the right to choose holidays based on their culture, religious beliefs, events related to their area, and linguistic preferences.
More than 30 grand festivals are celebrated in major parts of India, along with smaller state festivals. Some of the main Hindu celebrations include Diwali, Holi, and Maha Shiva Rati, while the main Islamic celebrations include Ramadan and Laylat Al-Qadr. In addition, it also celebrates Buddhist holidays like the Buddha Jayanti and Christian holidays like Christmas and Easter. However, it only has three national festivals: Republic Day on January 26, Independence Day on August 15, and Gandhi Jayanti on October 2.
"India" (CC0) via Pixabay
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11哈萨克斯坦 ： 21 个公共假期
Kazakhstan, the world's largest landlocked country, also shares an impressive 21 holidays per year. Some of these holidays include Kazakhstan People's Unity Day on May 1, Eastern Orthodox Christmas on January 7, Defender of the Fatherland Day on May 7, and Capital City Day on July 7. Did you know that International Women's Day on March 8 is also a public holiday in Kazakhstan?
"Kazakhstan" (CC0) via Pixabay
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12列支敦士登 ： 20 至 22 个公共假期
您听说过列支敦士登吗？这是一个位于瑞士和奥地利之间的德语小国，以其风景秀丽和中世纪城堡而闻名。与邻国相比，这个欧洲国家有许多公共假期。这些假期中的大多数都是基于基督教节日，如圣诞节和复活节。此外，列支敦士登还庆祝鲜为人知的基督教庆祝活动，如玛丽诞辰和圣灵降临节星期一。
列支敦士登日历上标记的两个公共假期没有法律认可。它们是圣贝希托尔德节和忏悔星期二。因此，列支敦士登的公共假期数量在 20 到 22 之间。
“Liechtenstein” (CC0) via Pixabay
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